Introduction: Nurses for maximum effciency should acquire theoretical knowledge in the classroom and scientific capabilities through training and experience in clinical environments.This study has been done to determination effective factors on adaptation of theorical education and practical Nursing care from viewpoints of nurses.

  Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study and the population was 200 nurses' staff in Rasht Educational and remedical hospitals in 2014. In this study, sampling has been carried out using a cluster randomized two stage method. A questionnaire including two parts, one part consist of personal information and second part, effective factors on adaptation of theoretical education and clinical care has been used. Initially , the cluster that was the same as hospitals and Educational and remedical Centers located in Rasht has been listed. To given the sample size , the contribution of nurses per hospital who should participate in the study was specified and 20 nurses in each cluster were randomly selected. And later , by consideing the number of nurses in each shift of work , information was collected.Finally data were analyzed using factor analysis and SPSS soft ware.

  Result: About effective factors on adaptation of theorical education and practical Nursing care in four areas of activity including personnel departments, clinical status, quality of education and a master trainers indicated that i mproving the confidence of nurses in independent decision making, clinical care based on standards , education and knowledge of teachers and trainers and their confidence when teaching clinical care have utmost importance.

  Conclusion: Since there is a gap between theory and clinical care designing appropriate educational program in the future, given the strengths and weaknesses in different areas to adapt the theoretical and clinical care, is necessery.