Introduction : Burnout is disruction reaction in response to long-term work-related stress and can cause somatic, psychological disorders and poor relationship with patient. Medical residency is a period which needs high psychosocial energy and by considering the high stress between patient and physician, residency is high stress job. The present study evaluates burnout prevalence in medical residents.

  Methods : In this analytical cross sectional study, 160 medical residents were studied in Kashan and Isfahan Medical Universities by randomized stratified sampling. The instruments were Maslach burnout Inventory and demographic questionnaire. Maslach burnout Inventory has three sub scales include Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. Data were analyzed with SPSS v.16 soft ware. 

  Results : Prevalence of burnout was 96.9 percent. 42.5 percent of residents had mild burnout, 53.1 percent had moderate and 1.3percent had severe burnout. Prevalence of burnout in female was 98.9 percent and in male 94.5 percent. The mean score of burnout was higher in single residents than married residents and in first grade residents to higher grade residents (p=0.04, p =0.044 ). Frequency of depersonalization score in internal residents was higher than the surgical residents (p=0.04). Emotional exhaustion was higher in single and first year residents than to married and higher grade residents. ( p= 0.03, p<0.05). There was not Significant difference between sex, age, educational field and local of education with burnout (p>0.05).

  Conclusion: The Majority of medical residents had burnout. further studies for decreasing burnout is necessary to health promotion of residents. Periodic evaluation of residents burnout is necessary and professional counseling should be prepared for them.