[Home ] [Archive]   [ فارسی ]  
:: Main :: About :: Current Issue :: Archive :: Search :: Submit :: Contact ::
Main Menu
Home::
Journal Information::
Articles archive::
For Authors::
For Reviewers::
Registration::
Contact us::
Site Facilities::
::
Search in website

Advanced Search
..
Receive site information
Enter your Email in the following box to receive the site news and information.
..
Registered in

AWT IMAGE

AWT IMAGE

..
Open Access Policy
..
:: Volume 13, Issue 4 (2021) ::
RME 2021, 13(4): 25-34 Back to browse issues page
The Effect of Bayesian Reasoning Training on the Results of Clinical Reasoning Tests of Interns
Sh Yazdani , S Mardani , M Hosseini Abardeh , A Habibi *
Masters Student of Medical Education, School of Medicine, Shahrekord, Iran , afsaneh.habibi90@yahoo.com
Abstract:   (1860 Views)
Introduction: Clinical reasoning includes a range of thinking about clinical medicine at all stages of patient evaluation. Bayesian theory can be used to refute or confirm differential diagnoses in the clinical reasoning process. In this way, by learning the basic mathematical language of probability in medicine, we can change our beliefs according to new evidence. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of holding a workshop about familiarity with Bayesian reasoning on the promotion of clinical reasoning in medical interns.
Methods: This is a quasi-experimental reseach using non-equivalent dependent variable design (NEDV). To do this 57 interns of Shahrekord Hajar Hospital  participated  in the pre-test of  SC type as a case and  KFP test as a control, Then, a three-hour workshop on clinical reasoning and Bayesian was  held. After 2 weeks of pre-test, post-test was held with a confidence interval of 0.95, their results were compared and analyzed with SPSS using  paired sample T-test.
Results: The results of the study showed a significant increase in interns' scores in both KFP and SC tests. The rate of application of clinical reasoning for trainees in SC post-test was about 55%, which was 3.5% higher than SC pre-test, and this rate was 46% in KFP post-test, which was 3% higher than that of pre-test.
Conclusion: SC test is not a suitable evaluation method to show the effect of Bayesian reasoning training workshop on clinical reasoning and holding a Bayesian reasoning workshop has not a significant effect on improving the clinical reasoning situation of interns.
Keywords: Clinical Reasoning, Bayesian Reasoning, Workshop
Full-Text [PDF 418 kb]   (541 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: assessment and evaluation
References
1. Adibi P, Hadadgar A, Hadizadeh F, Monajemi AR, Eftekhari H, Haghjoo Javanmard S, et al. Implementation of the first medical science Olympiad in Iran: A report. Iranian Journal of Medical Education 2011; 10 (5): 1006- 17.
2. SK SA, Monajemi A, Kuhpayehzadeh J, Gholami T, Khajavi M. Evaluation of clinical reasoning of interns and residents of Iran University of Medical Sciences, 2013. RJMS 2015; 22 (132): 19- 25.
3. Holleman DR, Simel DL. Quantitative assessments from the clinical examination: how should clinicians integrate the numerous results? Journal of General Internal Medicine 1997; 12 (3): 165- 71. [DOI:10.1046/j.1525-1497.1997.012003165.x]
4. Gill CJ, Sabin L, Schmid CH. Why clinicians are natural bayesians. Bmj 2005; 330 (7499): 1080- 3. [DOI:10.1136/bmj.330.7499.1080]
5. Kassirer JP. Diagnostic reasoning. Annals of Internal Medicine 1989;110(11):893-900. [DOI:10.7326/0003-4819-110-11-893]
6. Grimes DA, Schulz KF. Refining clinical diagnosis with likelihood ratios. The Lancet 2005; 365 (9469): 1500- 5. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66422-7]
7. Kreiter CD. A bayesian perspective on constructing a written assessment of probabilistic clinical reasoning in experienced clinicians. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 2017; 23 (1): 44- 8. [DOI:10.1111/jep.12469]
8. Monajemi A, Adibi P, Arabshahi KS, Arbabi F, Akbari R, Custers E, et al. The battery for assessment of clinical reasoning in the Olympiad for medical sciences students. Iranian Journal of Medical Education 2011;10 (5)1-12. [DOI:10.4103/2277-9531.94420]
9. Eichler A, Böcherer-Linder K, Vogel M. From research on Bayesian Reasoning to Classroom Intervention. 3rd International Virtual Congress on Statistical Education. 2019 Feb 21 - 24; Institute of Mathematics of the University of Granada; 2019.
10. Binder K, Krauss S, Bruckmaier G. Effects of visualizing statistical information- an empirical study on tree diagrams and 2× 2 tables. Frontiers in psychology 2015;6:1186. [DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01186]
11. Böcherer-Linder K, Eichler A. The impact of visualizing nested sets. An Empirical Study on Tree Diagrams and Unit Squares. Frontiers in psychology 2017;7:2026. [DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.02026]
12. McDowell M, Jacobs P. Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Natural Frequencies on Bayesian Reasoning. Psychological Bulletin 2017; 143 (12): 1273.
13. Rottman BM, Prochaska MT, Deaño RC. Bayesian Reasoning in Residents' Preliminary Diagnoses. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2016; 1 (1): 1- 7. [DOI:10.1186/s41235-016-0005-8]
14. Binder K, Krauss S, Schmidmaier R, Braun LT. Natural frequency trees improve diagnostic efficiency in Bayesian reasoning. Advances in Health Sciences Education 2021: 1- 17. [DOI:10.1007/s10459-020-10025-8]
15. Braun LT, Borrmann KF, Lottspeich C, Heinrich DA, Kiesewetter J, Fischer MR, et al. Scaffolding clinical reasoning of medical students with virtual patients: effects on diagnostic accuracy, efficiency, and errors. Diagnosis 2019; 6 (2): 137- 49. [DOI:10.1515/dx-2018-0090]
16. Braun LT, Zottmann JM, Adolf C, Lottspeich C, Then C, Wirth S, et al. Representation Scaffolds Improve Diagnostic Efficiency in Medical Students. Medical education 2017; 51 (11): 1118- 26. [DOI:10.1111/medu.13355]
17. Faustinella F, Jacobs RJ. The Decline of Clinical Skills: a Challenge for Medical Schools. International Journal of Medical Education 2018; 9: 195-197.
18. Rousseau M, Könings KD, Touchie C. Overcoming the Barriers of Teaching Physical Examination at the Bedside: More Than Just Curriculum Design. BMC Medical Education 2018; 18 (1): 1- 10. [DOI:10.1186/s12909-018-1403-z]
19. Pennaforte T, Moussa A, Loye N, Charlin B, Audétat M-C. Exploring a new simulation approach to improve clinical reasoning teaching and assessment: randomized trial protocol. JMIR research protocols 2016; 5 (1): e26. [DOI:10.2196/resprot.4938]
20. Mazer LM, Storage T, Bereknyei S, Chi J, Skeff K. A pilot study of the chronology of present illness: restructuring the HPI to improve physician cognition and communication. Journal of general internal medicine 2017; 32 (2): 182- 8. [DOI:10.1007/s11606-016-3928-3]
21. Vanderbilt AA, Jain S, Mayer SD, Gregory AA, Ryan MH, Bradner MK, et al. Clinical records organized and optimized for clinical integration and clinical decision making. International journal of Medical Education 2016; 7: 242. [DOI:10.5116/ijme.576a.fff4]
22. Chen L, Guo U, Illipparambil LC, Netherton MD, Sheshadri B, Karu E, et al. Racing against the clock: internal medicine residents' time spent on electronic health records. Journal of Graduate Medical Education 2016; 8 (1): 39. [DOI:10.4300/JGME-D-15-00240.1]
23. Chen DR, Priest KC, Batten JN, Fragoso LE, Reinfeld BI, Laitman BM. Student perspectives on the "Step 1 climate" in preclinical medical education. Academic Medicine 2019; 94 (3): 302- 4. [DOI:10.1097/ACM.0000000000002565]
24. Peters M, Ten Cate O. Bedside teaching in medical education: a literature review. Perspectives on Medical Education 2014; 3 (2): 76- 88. [DOI:10.1007/s40037-013-0083-y]
25. Herrle SR, Corbett Jr EC, Fagan MJ, Moore CG, Elnicki DM. Bayes' theorem and the physical examination: probability assessment and diagnostic decision-making. Academic medicine: journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2011; 86 (5): 618. [DOI:10.1097/ACM.0b013e318212eb00]
26. Bateman J, Allen ME, Kidd J, Parsons N, Davies D. 254. Teaching Bayesian Reasoning in Undergraduate Musculoskeletal Medicine: Results from a Multi-Centre Study. Rheumatology. 2014;53(suppl- 1): i154- i5. [DOI:10.1093/rheumatology/keu121.010]
27. Kurzenhäuser S, Hoffrage U. Teaching Bayesian reasoning: an evaluation of a classroom tutorial for medical students. Medical Teacher 2002; 24 (5): 516- 21. [DOI:10.1080/0142159021000012540]
28. Coryn CL, Hobson KA. Using nonequivalent dependent variables to reduce internal validity threats in quasi‐experiments: Rationale, history, and examples from practice. New Directions for Evaluation 2011; 2011 (131): 31- 9. [DOI:10.1002/ev.375]
29. McKillip J, Baldwin K. Evaluation of an STD education media campaign: A control construct design. Evaluation Review 1990; 14 (4): 331- 46. [DOI:10.1177/0193841X9001400401]
Send email to the article author



XML   Persian Abstract   Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

yazdani S, Mardani S, Hosseini Abardeh M, Habibi A. The Effect of Bayesian Reasoning Training on the Results of Clinical Reasoning Tests of Interns. RME 2021; 13 (4) :25-34
URL: http://rme.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1095-en.html


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Volume 13, Issue 4 (2021) Back to browse issues page
پژوهش در آموزش علوم پزشکی Research in Medical Education